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Intellectual Property: What it is and why it needs to be protected in developing nations in the new millennium - Conclusion and References

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Conclusion

Intellectual property rights are necessary in developing nations in the new millennium to allow them to effectively compete in the new international marketplace; one that trades in intellectual property goods and services. However, the intellectual property laws that are put in place by these countries will have to be done in an international context; one that takes into account international conventions, treaties and agreements. They will have to be party the Paris and Berne Conventions, PCT, WCT, and TRIPS.

References

Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (Annex 1C of the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, signed in Marrakesh, Morocco on 15 April 1994). Retrieved from the World Wide Web on June 3, 2004: http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/trips_e/t_agm0_e.htm

Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works of September 9, 1886, completed at PARIS on May 4, 1896, revised at BERLIN on November 13, 1908, completed at BERNE on March 20, 1914, revised at ROME on June 2, 1928, at BRUSSELS on June 26, 1948, at STOCKHOLM on July 14, 1967, and at PARIS on July 24, 1971, and amended on September 28, 1979. Retrieved from the World Wide Web on June 3, 2004: http://wipo.int/clea/docs/en/wo/wo001en.htm

Commission on Intellectual Property Rights (2002). Integrating Intellectual Property Rights and Development Policy. Report of the Commission on Intellectual Property Rights, London

Council & European Parliament (1996). Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases. Commission of the European Communities

Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property of March 20, 1883, as revised at Brussels on December 14, 1900, at Washington on June 2, 1911, at the Hague on November 6, 1925, at London on June 2, 1934, at Lisbon on October 31, 1958, and at Stockholm on July 14, 1967 and as amended on September 28, 1979. Retrieved from the World Wide Web on June 3, 2004: http://wipo.int/clea/docs/en/wo/wo020en.htm

Patent Cooperation Treaty Done at Washington on June 19, 1970, amended on September 28, 1979, modified on February 3, 1984, and October 3, 2001. Retrieved from the World Wide Web on June 7, 2004: http://wipo.int/pct/en/texts/articles/atoc.htm

The Great Idea Finder (2002). Creation of the U.S. Patent System. Retrieved from the World Wide Web on May 13, 2004: http://www.ideafinder.com/history/inventions/story096.htm

UNCTAD (2002). Press Release: Least Developed Countries at a Glance. Retrieved from the World Wide Web on April 30, 2004: http://www.unctad.org/Templates/webflyer.asp?docid=2929&intItemID=1634&lang=1

United Nations Statistics Division (2004). United Nations Statistics Division - Millennium Indicators: Definition of: developed, developing countries. Retrieved from the World Wide Web on April 30, 2004: http://unstats.un.org/unsd/mi/mi_dict_xrxx.asp?def_code=491

WIPO Copyright Treaty (adopted in Geneva on December 20, 1996). Retrieved from the World Wide Web on June 3, 2004: http://wipo.int/clea/docs/en/wo/wo033en.htm

World Intellectual Property Organization (2001). WIPO Intellectual Property Handbook: Policy, Law and Use. WIPO Publications, Geneva

World Intellectual Property Organization (n.d.). About Intellectual Property. Retrieved from the World Wide Web on April 15, 2004: http://www.wipo.int/about-ip/en/overview.html

World Intellectual Property Organization (n.d.). About the Patent Cooperation Treaty: Patent Cooperation Treaty ("PCT") (1970). Retrieved from the World Wide Web on May 15, 2004: http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/general/index.html

World Intellectual Property Organization (n.d.). Medium-Term Plan for WIPO Program Activities Vision and Strategic Direction of WIPO. Retrieved from the World Wide Web on May 15, 2004: http://www.wipo.int/about-wipo/en/dgo/pub487.htm

World Intellectual Property Organization (n.d.). Member States: Member States. Retrieved from the World Wide Web on May 15, 2004: http://www.wipo.int/about-wipo/en/members/member_states.html

World Intellectual Property Organization (n.d.). Overview of WIPO. Retrieved from the World Wide Web on April 15, 2004: http://www.wipo.int/about-wipo/en/overview.html

World Intellectual Property Organization (n.d.). Treaties and Contracting Parties: General Information. Retrieved from the World Wide Web on May 15, 2004: http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/general/index.html

World Trade Organization (n.d.). WTO | intellectual property(TRIPS) - frequently-asked questions. Retrieved from the World Wide Web on April 20, 2004: http://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_e/org6_e.htm

World Trade Organization (n.d.). WTO | Understanding the WTO - members. Retrieved from the World Wide Web on April 20, 2004: http://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_e/org6_e.htm

World Trade Organization (n.d.). WTO | Understanding the WTO - Overview: a navigational guide. Retrieved from the World Wide Web on April 20, 2004: http://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_e/agrm1_e.htm

World Trade Organization (n.d.). WTO | What is the WTO?. Retrieved from the World Wide Web on April 20, 2004: http://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/whatis_e.htm

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